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Geosciences Current Courses

Spring 2026

Course Code Title/Instructor Meets
GEOS 142-01 Earth's Changing Climate
Instructor: Marcus Key
Course Description:
An overview of our understanding of climate processes and their interaction with the atmosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere based on studies of ancient climates, which inform our understanding of climate change now and into the future. Topics include drivers of climate change at different time scales, evidence for climate change, and major climate events such as ice ages. Emphasis will be placed on the last 1 million years of earth history as a prelude to discussing potential anthropogenic impacts on the climate. Case studies of major climate players such as the US and China will be contrasted with those most vulnerable, Africa and SE Asia to determine mitigation and adaptation strategies. The lab component will use historic climate data, field experiences, and climate modeling to interpret climate change processes. Three hours classroom and three hours laboratory a week.
01:30 PM-04:30 PM, M
KAUF 152
08:30 AM-09:20 AM, MWF
KAUF 186
GEOS 142-02 Earth's Changing Climate
Instructor: Marcus Key
Course Description:
An overview of our understanding of climate processes and their interaction with the atmosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere based on studies of ancient climates, which inform our understanding of climate change now and into the future. Topics include drivers of climate change at different time scales, evidence for climate change, and major climate events such as ice ages. Emphasis will be placed on the last 1 million years of earth history as a prelude to discussing potential anthropogenic impacts on the climate. Case studies of major climate players such as the US and China will be contrasted with those most vulnerable, Africa and SE Asia to determine mitigation and adaptation strategies. The lab component will use historic climate data, field experiences, and climate modeling to interpret climate change processes. Three hours classroom and three hours laboratory a week.
08:30 AM-09:20 AM, MWF
KAUF 186
01:30 PM-04:30 PM, W
KAUF 152
GEOS 151-01 Foundations of Earth Sciences
Instructor: Ben Edwards
Course Description:
How do mountains and oceans form? Why do the positions of continents shift? Can rocks bend or flow? What is the history of life on our planet? This course explores the materials that make up the Earth and the processes that shape it, both at and below the surface. Students will take field trips around the Carlisle area as well as complete analytical and computer laboratory activities in order to acquire basic field, laboratory, and computer modelling skills. This course serves as a gateway to the Earth Sciences major, but is also appropriate for non-majors. Three hours of lecture and three hours of lab per week.
10:30 AM-11:45 AM, TR
KAUF 179
01:30 PM-04:30 PM, W
KAUF 140
GEOS 151-02 Foundations of Earth Sciences
Instructor: Ben Edwards
Course Description:
How do mountains and oceans form? Why do the positions of continents shift? Can rocks bend or flow? What is the history of life on our planet? This course explores the materials that make up the Earth and the processes that shape it, both at and below the surface. Students will take field trips around the Carlisle area as well as complete analytical and computer laboratory activities in order to acquire basic field, laboratory, and computer modelling skills. This course serves as a gateway to the Earth Sciences major, but is also appropriate for non-majors. Three hours of lecture and three hours of lab per week.
10:30 AM-11:45 AM, TR
KAUF 179
01:30 PM-04:30 PM, R
KAUF 140
GEOS 204-01 Introduction to Geographical Information Systems with Field Applications
Instructor: Peter Sak
Course Description:
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a powerful technology for managing, analyzing, and visualizing spatial data and geographically-referenced information. Using exclusively open-source software, this course provides a foundation of theoretical and applied skills in GIS technology with an emphasis on applications commonly employed in the field-based sciences. Students will learn to develop and use protocols for collecting spatially representative data in outdoor settings and then learn techniques for the manipulation, analysis, output and presentation of those data. The course will culminate in a final, independent project in which the students design and prepare a GIS analysis application of their own choosing. Three hours of classroom and three hours of laboratory per week. No prior GIS experience is needed.
10:30 AM-11:45 AM, TR
KAUF 153
01:30 PM-04:30 PM, T
KAUF 153
GEOS 218-01 Geographic Information Systems
Instructor: Amina Naliaka
Course Description:
Cross-listed with ARCH 218-01, ENST 218-01 and GISP 218-01. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a powerful technology for managing, analyzing, and visualizing spatial data and geographically-referenced information. It is used in a wide variety of fields including archaeology, agriculture, business, defense and intelligence, education, government, health care, natural resource management, public safety, transportation, and utility management. This course provides a fundamental foundation of theoretical and applied skills in GIS technology that will enable students to investigate and make reasoned decisions regarding spatial issues. Utilizing GIS software applications from Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI), students work on a progression of tasks and assignments focused on GIS data collection, manipulation, analysis, output, and presentation. The course will culminate in a final, independent project in which the students design and prepare a GIS analysis application of their own choosing. Three hours per week. This course is cross-listed as ARCH 218, ENST 218 and GISP 218.
01:30 PM-04:30 PM, M
LIBRY DSRL
GEOS 311-01 Introduction to Remote Sensing of the Cryosphere
Instructor: Ben Edwards
Course Description:
Part of the Arctic Art and Science Mosaic. Permission of Instructor Required. This course will use QGIS and other software to introduce students to methods for analyzing changes to Earth's cryosphere, the region where water exists yearly in the form of ice. The focus will be mainly on changes to glaciers, sea ice and permafrost in the Arctic that can be mapped using satellite data and aerial photography, although we will also explore the Antarctic and 'Third Pole' cryospheres briefly. Students will learn techniques for tracking cryospheric/environmental changes and how to access data from a variety of online sources (e.g., Landsat and Sentinel imagery) to do their own research projects. Weather permitting, we will also collect basic datasets using UAVs to better understand the limitations of remote sensing tools.
09:30 AM-10:20 AM, MWF
KAUF 140
GEOS 318-01 Advanced Applications in GIS
Instructor: Amina Naliaka
Course Description:
Cross-listed with ARCH 318-01, ENST 318-01 and GISP 318-01. The course is intended as a continuation of the introductory course on Geographic Information Systems, 218, and will concentrate on more advanced discussions and techniques related to spatial analysis and GIS project design. The main focus of the course will be on using higher-level GIS methods to investigate and analyze spatial problems of varying complexity; however, the specific project and topical applications will vary depending on student interests. Students will be required to develop and complete an individual spatial analysis project that incorporates advanced GIS techniques. Prerequisite: 218 or ENST 218 or ARCH 218 or GISP 218 or equivalent GIS experience. Three hours classroom per week. This course is cross-listed as ARCH 318, ENST 318 and GISP 318. Offered every two years.
10:30 AM-11:45 AM, TR
LIBRY DSRL
01:30 PM-04:30 PM, F
LIBRY DSRL
GEOS 333-01 Environmental Geophysics
Instructor: Jorden Hayes
Course Description:
Geophysics combines geological knowledge with fundamental principles from physics, mathematics, and computer science to indirectly image and elucidate Earths subsurface structure. This course focuses on understanding geophysical methods commonly applied to Earths shallow subsurface (less than 200 m) to solve environmental, geological, archaeological, and civil engineering problems. This course will include physical theory, field methodology (e.g., survey design and data collection), data analysis and interpretation. Course topics include refraction and reflection seismology, ground penetrating radar, electrical resistivity and conductivity, magnetism and magnetic surveying, nuclear magnetic resonance, and gravity. This course will involve collecting and integrating datasets from multiple geophysical surveys and culminate in a final project. Lectures, discussions, laboratories, and field trips. Three hours classroom and three hours laboratory a week. Prerequisite: 151.
09:00 AM-10:15 AM, TR
KAUF 146
01:30 PM-04:30 PM, R
KAUF 146
GEOS 550-01 Arctic Art and Science Independent Study
Instructor: Anthony Cervino, Ben Edwards
Course Description:
Cross-listed with ARTH 500-01. Permission of instructor required. Note: Part of the Arctic Art and Science Mosaic.

GEOS 550-02 Growth patterns in solitary corals from the Devonian of Kentucky
Instructor: Marcus Key
Course Description: