Dr. Marcus M. Key, Jr., P.G.
Professor of Geology
(Paleontology / Paleobiology / Sedimentology)

Department of Geology
Kaufman Building, Room 143
Dickinson College
Carlisle, PA 17013-2896
USA

Phone: 717.245.1448
E-Mail:

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PUBLISHED ARTICLES (* indicates Dickinson College student co-author):

PUBLISHED ABSTRACTS (* indicates Dickinson College student co-author):

  • Key, M. M., Jr. 1985. Environmental stability and morphologic variation in the bryozoan Homotrypa obliqua. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs. 17(7): 628.
  • Key, M. M., Jr. 1986. Partitioning of morphologic variation across stability gradients in Upper Ordovician trepostomes. Pp. 29. In: J. R. P. Ross (ed.). Seventh International Bryozoology Association Conference Abstracts. Western Washington University. Bellingham, WA.
  • Key, M. M., Jr. 1988. Progressive macroevolutionary patterns in colonial animals. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs. 20(7): A201.
  • Key, M. M., Jr. 1989. How to build a ramose trepostome. Pp. 28. In: F. P. Bigey and J.-L. d'Hondt (eds.). Eighth International Bryozoology Association Conference Abstracts. Universite P. et M. Curie. Paris, France.
  • Key, M. M., Jr. 1989. Phylogeny reconstruction in trepostome bryozoans. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs. 21(6): A112.
  • Key, M. M., Jr. 1990. Skeletal growth rates in Paleozoic ramose trepostome bryozoans. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs. 22(7): A34.
  • Key, M. M., Jr., S. M. Lev*, and A. Lighthart*. 1991. Skeletal growth rates in hemispherical trepostome bryozoans. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs. 23(5): A164.
  • Key, M. M., Jr., G. M. Becker*, A. B. Judd*, and A. Lighthart*. 1992. Insoluble residue analysis of modern and ancient carbonate environments, San Salvador Island, Bahamas. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs. 24: 31-32.
  • Lev, S. M.*, M. M. Key, Jr., and A. Lighthart*. 1992. Control of colony morphology by zooecial growth rates in hemispherical trepostome bryozoans. Pp. GEOL 1. In: W. T. Lavell (ed.). 46th Annual Eastern Colleges Science Conference Program with Abstracts. United States Naval Academy. Annapolis, MD.
  • Key, M. M., Jr. 1992. Macroevolutionary patterns in bryozoans. Pp. 164. In: S. Lidgard and P. R. Crane (eds.). North American Paleontological Convention Abstracts and Program. Paleontological Society, Special Publication, No. 6.
  • Key, M. M., Jr., S. M. Lev*, and A. Lighthart*. 1992. Colony control over skeletal growth rates in trepostome bryozoans. Pp. 29. In: J. S. Ryland (ed.). Ninth International Bryozoology Association Conference Abstracts. University of Wales. Swansea, Wales.
  • Key, M. M., Jr., S. M. Lev*, and A. Lighthart*. 1993. A paleobiologic test for diastems using the internal stratigraphy of trepostome bryozoans. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs. 25(6): A331.
  • Collins, J. A.*, M. M. Key, Jr., and L. Madsen. 1994. Functional morphology of ramose trepostome bryozoans and other cylindrical modular organisms. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs. 26(3): 11.
  • Key, M. M., Jr., W. B. Jeffries, H. K. Voris, and C. M. Yang. 1995. Epizoic bryozoans and ephemeral host substrata. Pp. 60. In: D. P. Gordon (ed.). Tenth International Bryozoology Association Conference Abstracts. New Zealand Oceanographic Institute. Wellington, New Zealand.
  • Volpe, J. W.*, M. M. Key, Jr., W. B. Jeffries, H. K. Voris, and C. M. Yang. 1995. Epibiosis on ephemeral living substrates. Journal of the Pennsylvania Academy of Science. 68: 196.
  • Key, M. M., Jr., S. B. Lockhart, and L. L. Stoltz. 1995. The geology side of IMAST (A project-based, vertically and horizontally integrated curriculum collaboration between K-12 and college teachers). Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs. 27(6): A355.
  • Erdman, J. S.*, M. M. Key, Jr., and R. L. Davis. 1996. Hydrogeology of the Cockburn Town aquifer, San Salvador, Bahamas and the change in water quality resulting from the development of a resort community. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs. 28(3): A51.
  • Erdman, J. S.*, M. M. Key, Jr., and R. L. Davis. 1996. Hydrogeology of the Cockburn Town aquifer, San Salvador, Bahamas and the change in water quality resulting from the development of a resort community. p. 16-17. In: D. Suchy and J. Carew (eds.). Abstracts and Program of the 8th Symposium on the Geology of the Bahamas; San Salvador, Bahamas; Bahamian Field Station.
  • Gourley, J. R.* and M. M. Key, Jr. 1996. Analysis of the Skolithos ichnofacies from the Cambrian Montalto Quartzite Member of the Harpers Formation in south central Pennsylvania. Pp. 152. In: J. E. Repetski (ed.). North American Paleontological Convention Abstracts of Papers. Paleontological Society, Special Publication, No. 8.
  • Witte, K. M.* and M. M. Key, Jr. 1997. Impact of the Kraomita Malagasy chromite mine and processing facilities on stream water quality and siltation in Madagascar. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs. 29(1): 90.
  • Allen, R. A.* and M. M. Key, Jr. 1997. Earth's cratering history as derived from the Phanerozoic terrestrial record and predicted from the Precambrian Lunar, Martian, and Mercurian records. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs. 29(1): 26-27.
  • Jones, T. E.* and M. M. Key, Jr. 1997. Geoarcheology of terra cotta clay tobacco pipes from the colonial Davis Site (44La46) in Lancaster County, Virginia. P. 205. In: S. Estroff (ed.). Abstracts of the 1997 America Anthropological Association Annual Meeting in Washington, DC. America Anthropological Association. Arlington, VA.
  • Key, M. M., Jr., W. B. Jeffries, H. K. Voris, and C. M. Yang. 1998. Bryozoan fouling pattern on the horseshoe crab Tachypleus gigas (Müller) from Singapore. Pp. 45. In: A. Herrera and J. B. C. Jackson (eds.). Eleventh International Bryozoology Association Conference Abstracts. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. Balboa, Panama.
  • Ustick, J. A.* and M. M. Key, Jr. 1998. Stratigraphy of the Cambrian Elbrook Formation in south central Pennsylvania: simple bedding, cleavage reoriented bedding, or groundwater-induced diagenesis? Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs. 30(1): 81.
  • Robertson, M. S.*, M. M. Key, Jr., and R. Kerhin. 1998. Sedimentology and mineralogy of the Susquehanna Flats, Chesapeake Bay, MD. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs. 30(1): 70-71.
  • Robertson, M. S.*, M. M. Key, Jr., and R. Kerhin. 1998. Sedimentology and mineralogy of the Susquehanna Flats, Chesapeake Bay, Maryland. Pp. 30-31. In: R. A. McBride, C. Galvin, and S. J. Williams (eds.). Assateague Shelf and Shore Workshop '98, Technical Program and Abstracts. George Mason University. Fairfax, Virginia.
  • Key, M. M., Jr., C. M. Jamet*, and A. M. Smith. 1998. Bryozoan colony growth rates: a proxy for cool-water marine carbonate production rates. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs. 30(7): A28.
  • Key, M. M., Jr., C. M. Jamet*, and A. M. Smith. 1999. Bryozoan skeletal growth rates: a new tool for determining carbonate production rate, Otago Shelf, New Zealand. Pp. 121-122. In: G. F. Camoin and W. C. Dullo (eds.). Paleoceanology of Reefs and Carbonate Platforms: Miocene to Modern, Abstract Book. Special Publication 32 of the Association des Sédimentologistes Français. Paris.
  • Key, M. M., Jr., P. N. Wyse Jackson, A. M. Smith, and C. M. Jamet*. 1999. Measuring growth rates in fossil bryozoans: inferences for carbonate production. Palaeontological Association Newsletter Annual Meeting Abstracts. 42: 25-26.
  • Key, M. M., Jr., L. Thrane, and J. A. Collins*. 2000. Functional morphology of maculae in a giant ramose trepostome bryozoan from the Permian of Greenland. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs. 32(7): A370.
  • Key, M. M., Jr., L. Thrane, and J. A. Collins*. 2001. Functional morphology of maculae in a giant ramose trepostome bryozoan from the Permian of Greenland. Pp. 64. In: P. N. Wyse Jackson (ed.). International Bryozoology Association Twelfth International Conference Programme, Abstracts and Delegates. Trinity College. Dublin, Ireland.
  • Smith, A. M., B. Stewart, M. M. Key, Jr., and C. M. Jamet*. 2001. Adeonellopsis sp. in Doubtful Sound - a surprisingly long-lived bryozoan. Pp. 100. In: P. N. Wyse Jackson (ed.). International Bryozoology Association Twelfth International Conference Programme, Abstracts and Delegates. Trinity College. Dublin, Ireland.
  • Wyse Jackson, P. N., C. J. Buttler, and M. M. Key, Jr. 2001. Palaeoenvironmental interpretation of the Tramore Limestone Formation (Llandeilo, Ordovician) based on bryozoan colony form and preservation. Pp. 115. In: P. N. Wyse Jackson (ed.). International Bryozoology Association Twelfth International Conference Programme, Abstracts and Delegates. Trinity College. Dublin, Ireland.
  • Key, M. M., Jr., P. N. Wyse Jackson, A. M. Smith, and C. M. Jamet*. 2001. Oxygen isotope seasonal profiling as a tool for measuring growth rates and inferring carbonate production rates in fossil bryozoans. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs. 33(6): A248-A249.
  • Key, M. M., Jr., M. D. Moore*, W. P. Patterson, and P. N. Wyse Jackson. 2002. A stable isotope test for diagenesis comparing brachiopods, bryozoans, and cements in the Ordovician Duncannon Group, southeastern Ireland. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs. 34(6): 17.
  • Key, M. M., Jr., P. N. Wyse Jackson, E. Håkansson, W. P. Patterson, and M. D. Moore*. 2003. Gigantism in Permian trepostomes from Greenland: stable isotope evidence of the algal symbiosis hypothesis. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs. 35(6): 420.
  • Smith, A. M., and M. M. Key, Jr. 2003. From plate tectonics to bryozoan evolution. Geological Society of New Zealand Miscellaneous Publication 116A: 134.
  • Key, M. M., Jr., P. N. Wyse Jackson, E. Håkansson, W. P. Patterson, and M. D. Moore*. 2003. C and O isotopic test of the algal symbiosis hypothesis for gigantism in Permian trepostomes from Greenland. Boletin de la Sociedad de Biologia de Concepcion. 74: 74.
  • Key, M. M., Jr., and A. M. Smith. 2003. From plate tectonics to bryozoan evolution. Boletin de la Sociedad de Biologia de Concepcion. 74: 75.
  • Key, M. M., Jr., G. A. Schumacher, and L. E. Babcock. 2004. Trilobites as a hard substrate for episkeletozoans from the Upper Ordovician of the Cincinnati, Ohio area. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs. 36(5): 111.
  • Samson, T. M.*, M. M. Key, Jr., P. N. Wyse Jackson, and W. P. Patterson. 2005. Implications of sampling strategy on C and O isotope chemostratigraphy: a test from the Ordovician of Estonia. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs. 37(1): 69.
  • Smith, A. M., M. M. Key, Jr., C. S. Nelson, and W. P. Patterson. 2005. Stable isotope values in modern bryozoan carbonate: potential for paleoenvironmental interpretation. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Annual Convention Abstracts Volume. 14: A131.
  • Wyse Jackson, P. N., M. M. Key, Jr., and M. E. Burns*. 2005. Bored bryozoans from the Ordovician of Estonia: a biological reinterpretation of the ichnogenus Sanctum Erickson and Bouchard, 2003. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs. 37(7): 404.
  • Miller, K. E.*, M. M. Key, Jr., W. P. Patterson, M. Novosel, and S. Cocito. 2006. Seasonal isotope profiling to determine growth rates in an extant giant bryozoan from the Adriatic Sea, Croatia. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs. 38(2): 76.
  • Key, M. M., Jr., K. E. Miller*, W. Patterson, and M. Novosel. 2006. The role of submarine groundwater discharge in maintaining unique submarine spring benthic ecosystems in the Adriatic Sea, Croatia. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs. 38(7): 327.
  • Buttler, C. J., P. N. Wyse Jackson, and M. M. Key, Jr. 2007. Bryozoa from the Ordovician (Caradoc) of Courtown, Co. Wexford, Ireland. Pp. 7. In: S. J. Hageman and F. K. McKinney (eds.). Abstracts with Programs: 14th Meeting of the International Bryozoology Association. Boone, North Carolina.
  • Key, M. M., Jr., P. N. Wyse Jackson, K. E. Miller*, and W. P. Patterson. 2007. A stable isotopic test for the origin of fossil brown bodies in trepostome bryozoans from the Ordovician of Estonia. Pp. 32. In: S. J. Hageman and F. K. McKinney (eds.). Abstracts with Program: 14th Meeting of the International Bryozoology Association. Boone, North Carolina.

PUBLISHED NON- PEER REVIEWED ARTICLES:

  • Key, M. M., Jr. 1989. Review of Fossil Invertebrates by R. S. Boardman, A. H. Cheetham, and A. J. Rowell. American Scientist. 77: 485.
  • Key, M. M., Jr. 1990. Review of Fossils as Information - New Recording and Stratal Correlation Techniques by N. F. Hughes. The Quarterly Review of Biology. 65: 492.
  • Key, M. M., Jr. 1992. Review of The Evolution of Reef Communities by J. A. Fagerstrom. American Journal of Science. 292: 151-152.
  • Key, M. M., Jr. 1993. Review of Fossils: The Key to the Past by R. Fortey. The Quarterly Review of Biology. 68: 97.
  • Key, M. M., Jr. 1999. Annual highlights in invertebrate paleontology. Geotimes. 44(7): 47-48.
  • Key, M. M., Jr. 2000. Review of Life - A Natural History of the First Four Billion Years of Life on Earth by R. Fortey. Geotimes. 45(5): 32.
  • Key, M. M., Jr. 2000. Review of Controversy, Catastrophism and Evolution: The Ongoing Debate by T. Palmer. Geological Curator. 7: 123.
  • Key, M. M., Jr. 2000. Annual highlights in invertebrates. Geotimes. 45(7): 35.
  • Key, M. M., Jr. 2000. Review of The Idea of Time by C. H. Holland. Geotimes. 45(8): 33.
  • Key, M. M., Jr. 2001. Review of Evolutionary Patterns - Growth, Form and Tempo in the Fossil Record by J. B. C. Jackson, S. Lidgard, and F. K. McKinney. Historical Biology. 15(3): 271-272.
  • Key, M. M., Jr. 2002. Presentation of the Paleontological Society Medal to Alan H. Cheetham. Journal of Paleontology. 76(4): 783.